Remote flash units can be controlled via optical signals from a flash unit mounted on the camera accessory shoe (optical AWL) or via radio signals from a WR-R10 (available separately) connected to the camera (radio AWL). These forms of flash control can be combined as follows:

Radio AWL with one or more remote flash units (0 Radio AWL)

Optical AWL with one or more remote flash units (0 Optical AWL)

Radio AWL with additional lighting provided by a shoe-mounted flash unit (0 Adding a Shoe-Mounted Flash Unit)

Radio AWL combined with optical AWL provided by a shoe-mounted flash unit (0 Optical/Radio AWL)